Bell inequalities violation

Bell inequalities are mathematical conditions that distinguish between predictions of classical local hidden variable theories and those of quantum mechanics. When experiments violate a Bell inequality, they demonstrate quantum nonlocality, meaning that measurement outcomes on entangled particles cannot be explained by local classical models. This phenomenon is a cornerstone of quantum physics and underpins applications like device-independent quantum key distribution and certified random number generation. We have made contributions to experimental tests of Bell inequalities and demonstrations of the nonlocal nature of quantum correlations. Our group has realized multi-photon and high-dimensional entanglement experiments that strongly violate Bell inequalities, providing robust evidence against local hidden variable models.

• When More Light Means Less Quantum: Modeling Bell Inequality Degradation from Accidental Counts, P. Mironowicz, M. Bourennane, arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.20596 (2025)
• How to avoid (apparent) signaling in Bell tests, M. Smania, M. Kleinmann, A. Cabello, M. Bourennane, Quantum 9, 1760 (2025)
• Exponentially decreasing critical detection efficiency for any Bell inequality, N. Miklin, A. Chaturvedi, M. Bourennane, M. Pawłowski, A. Cabello, Physical Review Letters 129 (23), 230403 (2022)
• Experimental demonstration of full network nonlocality in the bilocal scenario, E. Håkansson, A. Piveteau, S. Muhammad, M. Bourennane, arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.06361 (2022)
• Experimental test of nonclassicality with arbitrarily low detection efficiency, A. Hameedi, B. Marques, P. Mironowicz, D. Saha, M. Pawłowski, M. Bourennane, Physical Review A 102 (3), 032621 (2020)
• Experimental test of maximal tripartite nonlocality using an entangled state and local measurements that are maximally incompatible, H. Anwer, M. Nawareg, A. Cabello, M. Bourennane, Physical Review A 100 (2), 022104 (2019)
• Steering is an essential feature of non-locality in quantum theory, R. Ramanathan, D. Goyeneche, S. Muhammad, P. Mironowicz, M. Grünfeld, M. Bourennane, P. Horodecki, Nature Communications 9 (1), 4244 (2018)
• Hacking the Bell test using classical light in energy-time entanglement–based quantum key distribution, J. Jogenfors, A.M. Elhassan, J. Ahrens, M. Bourennane, J.Å. Larsson, Science Advances 1 (11), e1500793 (2015)
• Bell inequalities for the simplest exclusivity graph, M. Sadiq, P. Badziąg, M. Bourennane, A. Cabello, Physical Review A 87 (1), 012128 (2013)